![]() Exiled during the rise of Napoleon III, Hugo lived in Guernsey from 1855 to 1870. ![]() During the reign of King Louis-Philippe, Hugo was elected to the National Assembly of the French Second Republic, where he spoke out against the death penalty and poverty while calling for public education and universal suffrage. ![]() His Gothic novel The Hunchback of Notre-Dame (1831) was a bestseller throughout Europe, inspiring the French government to restore the legendary cathedral to its former glory. In 1823, he published his first novel, launching a career that would earn him a reputation as a leading figure of French Romanticism. Raised on the move, Hugo was taken with his family from one outpost to the next, eventually setting with his mother in Paris in 1803. Born in Besançon, Hugo was the son of a general who served in the Napoleonic army. ![]() Victor Hugo (1802-1885) was a French poet and novelist. ![]()
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